Oral thrush symptoms causes prevention and treatment
Oral Thrush
Definition: Oral candidiasis or oral thrush is an infection in the mucous membranes of the due to the fungus, Candida albicans.
WE have described in article :
Symptoms of Oral thrush
Diagnosis of Oral thrush
Investigations of Oral thrush
Treatment of Oral thrush
complication of Oral thrush
Prevention of Oral thrush
Symptoms of Oral Thrush :
A. Children and adults:
- Creamy, white, cheese-like lesions on tongue, inner cheeks and sometimes on the roof mouth, gums and tonsils.
- There is usually no pain in the area underneath the spots.
- Slight bleeding if the lesions are rubbed or scraped.
- Cracking at the comers of mouth.
- Sometimes the lesion may spread to the hand palate, tonsil, posterior pharyngeal wall and gum.
- Loss of taste.
B. Infants and breast-feeding mothers:
- Usually red, sensitive or itchy nipples.
- Shiny skin on the areola.
- Unusual pain during nursing or painful nipples between feeding.
- Stabbing pains deep within the breast.
Diagnosis of Oral Thrush :
- Oral candidiasis
- Diptheria
- Aphthous ulcer
- Bechect’s syndrome.
- stevens johnson syndrome.
- Toxic epidermal necrolysis
- Pemphigus vulgaris
Investigations of Oral Thrush :
- CBC
- RBS
- Biopsy from the lesion.
Treatment of Oral Thrush :
- In babies oral thrush may clear spontaneously without treatment.
- Topical antifungal agents-oral drops or suspension held in the mouth before swallowing
- Systemic antifungal (Ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole) In complicated cases or if the infection spreads and in immunocompromised individuals.
- Treatment of the cause such as wearing new and better fitting dentures, controlling diabetes etc.
Prevention of oral Thrush :
- Maintain good oral hygiene: By brushing teeth after each meal.
- Avoid mouth trauma : Use a soft toothbrush, don’t eat food or drinks that are too hot or too spicy.
- Giving the child sterilized water immediately following a milk feed mouth is rinsed away.
- Sterilizing all feeding equipment and mouth toys.
Complication of Oral Thrush :
- Extension of the lesion into pharynx and oesophagus
- Dysphagia.
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